جمله واره ی قیدی (Adverbial clause)چیست؟
جمله واره ی قیدی, یک واره ی وابسته در نقش قید در جمله است. این جمله واره همانند قید ساده می تواند یک فعل صفت و یا قیدی دیگر در جمله را توصیف کند اما کاربرد آن برای توصیف فعل بسیار متداول تر است. در حالت کلی و به زبان ساده می توانیم جمله واره ی قیدی را اینگونه تعریف کنیم که می خواهد اطلاعاتی را پیرامون یک عمل که کی,کجا, چرا, چطوری تحت چه شرایطی و … درجمله اتفاق افتاده است را در اختیار ما قرار می دهد همانند سایر جمله واره ها این نوع جمله واره نیز دارای فاعل و فعل هنگام خلاصه کردن جمله قیدی از جمله حذف می شود جمله واره ی قیدی (adverbial particles)بعد از جز قیدی بعد قیدی یا حرف ربط وابسته ساز (subordinate conjunction)که به عنوان آغازگر در جمله قرار می گیرد. این جز یا رابط قیدی می تواند بیانگر زمان, مکان, علت, شرط, تضاد, هدف, نتیجه, مقایسه, حالت وقوع فعل اصلی باشد.
به مثال زیر توجه کنید:
I learned to speak Spanish when I was in South America last year. S
وقتی که پارسال در جنوب آمریکا بودم یاد گرفتم اسپانیایی صحبت کنم.
همانطوری که می بینید این complex sentence از دو جمله واره ی مستقل (main clause) و وابسته تشکیل شده است.
قسمت اول جمله یک جمله I learned to speak Spanish واره ی مستقل است که به تنهای معنای تام دارد ولی قسمت دوم when I was in South America last year جمله واره ی وابسته است که در نقش قید در جمله ظاهر شده است و زمان وقوع فعل اصلی to speak learned را نشان می دهد پس یک جمله واره ی قیدی است این جمله واره به تنهایی معنای ناقصی دارد و برای کامل شدن مفهوم خود باید در کنار یک جمله واره ی مستقل و پایه قرار بگیرد . کلمه ی when همان حرف ربط وابسته ساز یا جز قیدی است.
Adverb clause:
I go home after the class finishes.
Independent sentence
Dependent sentence
(Adverb clause)
| Tim: after ____ as ____ as long as ____ soon as ____ before ____ since ____ until ____ when whenever _____ while ____ |
| Reason: because ___ since |
| Purpose: so that ____ in order that ___ in order to ___ so as to |
| Manner: as ___ as if ____ as thought |
| Contrast: although ____ though ____ even though ____ while ____ in spite of the fact that |
| Condition: as long as___ if ___ in cas ___ provided that ____ unless ____ whether or not |
| Result: so ….. that ____ such ….. that |
If you pay your bills on time, you can have a good credit score.
Unless you run fast, you will miss that bus.
Because he loved her, he didn’t believe she was having an after.
Although she a business degree, she is working as a retail clerk.
As we bought the tickets, the overture was beginning.
Before we go on vacation, we must make reservations.
Unless you put in more hours, I can recommend you for the promotion.
As soon as I saw you, I knew something was wrong.
My sister, when she is angry, will turn red in the face.
Elephants, although they are large, are not predators.
Chocolate, because has a low point can be difficult to bake with.
He remembered, after he left the house, that he need to mail the thank you cards.
You must keep practicing the song until you get it right.
Give us a call when you get back from your trip.
We need to find the bare where they asked us to wait.
The fireworks show will start after the sun goes down.
The cat made herself at home in the apartment as if she had always lived there.
Frank ran the race as thought his life depended on it.
We can swim in the pool as soon as you put on sunscreen.
I never knew how wonderful life could be until met you.
You need to remain calm even if everyone else panics.
The day felt long because we has nothing to do.
I won’t allow you to see that movie even though you are old enough to go.
We can get some new clothes as long as the store is open late.
I read a lot of books, so that I can be fluent. (so that/in order that + subject + modal + verb)
I read a lot of books, in order to be fluent. (in order to / so as to + simple verb)
The girl is so beautiful, that you can’t imagine. (so + adjective + that)
She is such a beautiful girl, that you can’t imagine. (such + adjective + noun + that)
